Preparing for an OSHA Inspection

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is the government agency that monitors and enforces compliance with workplace safety laws. Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs) have the authority to inspect the facilities of any employer subject to OSHA’s regulations. Employers have a right to request a warrant for inspection. Although it may buy time, it will likely broaden the inspection and give the CSHO a negative impression.

Preparing for an OSHA Inspection

Have principal contacts for the inspection. Document the list of designated employees and train them on all aspects of an OSHA audit. Ensure enough personnel are trained in case of a scheduling conflict.
Decide where the CSHO will be placed and where employee interviews will occur.
Have updated safety documentation prepared to be presented to the CSHO.
Train all managers on how to contact the proper personnel and where to place the CSHO while everyone is being notified.
Assemble an inspection kit. This kit should include:
A camera for video and photography recording
Required personal protective equipment (PPE)
Labels or stamps to mark information that should be tagged as “confidential” or “trade secret”
Basic facility information (e.g., type of work performed, number of employees, names of management personnel and a list of contact information)
Contact information for the local OSHA office
Testing equipment (Check calibrations and expirations on equipment regularly)

Safety Documentation to Have

OSHA 300 Form for the current year and the previous five calendar years
OSHA 300A Form for the previous five calendar years
Injury and incident reports for the current year and the previous five calendar years
OSHA 301 Forms (Most state workers’ compensation forms are acceptable substitutes.)
Completed training programs
Safety data sheets (SDSs)
Written safety compliance programs

When the OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officer Shows Up

Be polite. Greet the officer and ask to see their credentials, if they do not offer to show them. Confirm those credentials, or call your local OSHA office for any questions.
Place the CSHO in the determined private conference room or office.
Notify the designated company employees who will need to take part in the inspection.

During the Opening Conference

Determine the purpose of the inspection. If there has been a complaint, ask for a copy of the complaint. OSHA will protect the identity of any employee who has submitted a complaint.
Define the scope of the inspection, and limit consent only to the areas cited in the complaint. This is the time to configure a route for the walk-around, which should be as limited as possible.
Identify areas of the workplace or documents that might contain trade secrets. Confirm with the CSHO that photographs and/or documents containing information about trade secrets will remain confidential.
Discuss the process for conducting employee interviews and producing documents. If possible, schedule employee interviews so shifts are covered.
Ask the CSHO to make all requests for company information and document in writing. Your company’s legal counsel should review all requests for documents and information, as well as all information and documents provided.
Gather your inspection equipment.

During the Walk-around

Begin the walk-around. Make sure everyone has the required PPE and is following the proper safety protocols of the site.
Keep the route as limited as possible.
Understand the plain view doctrine. This means a CSHO can investigate any hazard observed while walking through the premise.
Document the CSHO’s findings and your own findings by taking detailed notes.
Make sure to take pictures, samples and measurements of anything the CSHO takes, and at the same time. Your company can request that samples and monitoring take place at a time when the company can conduct its own sampling and monitoring.
Complete “quick fixes” right away. If you or the CSHO identifies any quick fix items, have them taken care of immediately. The CSHO will take these actions as proof of your company’s willingness to comply with safety and health laws.
Do not interfere with employee interviews. The CSHO has the right to conduct employee interviews in private. Employee interviews may involve labor representatives, rank and file employees, and management personnel. If there is an interview of a company decision-maker, then it is highly encouraged to have a representative present as any statements made are considered binding admissions on the employer.

During the Closing Conference

Request copies of all OSHA samples and monitoring reports from the CSHO.
Ask the CSHO to provide you with an acknowledgment of receipt for all documentation provided during the inspection.
Provide the CSHO with the name, title and contact information of the person(s) to whom all OSHA correspondence should be directed.
List out any alleged violations that have already been corrected. If directed by legal counsel, provide additional information and documentation relevant and supportive of the company’s position as well as any information which shows abatement of any alleged violation.
Do not make any impulsive commitments, for example corrective actions or dates.
Discuss possible violations. Understand that only the OSHA Area Director can issue citations, and this process can take up to six months after the inspection. The Area Director may rely on a CSHO’s recommendations to issue a citation, but CSHOs may be hesitant to address whether they will recommend a citation during their visit to your facility.

After the Closing Conference

Try to obtain all sample and monitoring reports from OSHA.
Provide the company’s legal counsel with copies of all of the documents provided to OSHA and all of the notes, photographs, videos, etc., taken during the inspection. Reference an up-to-date

Important Reminders for an Inspection

Document all stages of the inspection. Include the people present, scope of the inspection, areas inspected and employees interviewed.
Document the CSHO’s findings and your own.
If the CSHO deviates from the route for the inspection, document it, inquire about it and record the reason for deviation.
Answer the question asked, and do not provide more information than necessary.
Never admit a violation took place, that you are at fault or that a citation is appropriate.

For additional resources on OSHA standards and other compliance information, visit our TIG Advisors blog or contact us.